Kejadian 39:1

Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife

39:1 Now Joseph had been brought down to Egypt. ¹  An Egyptian named Potiphar, an official of Pharaoh and the captain of the guard, ²  purchased him from ³  the Ishmaelites who had brought him there.

Kejadian 40:14

40:14 But remember me ⁴  when it goes well for you, and show ⁵  me kindness. ⁶  Make mention ⁷  of me to Pharaoh and bring me out of this prison, ⁸ 

Kejadian 41:15

41:15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I had a dream, ⁹  and there is no one who can interpret ¹⁰  it. But I have heard about you, that ¹¹  you can interpret dreams.” ¹² 

Kejadian 41:41

41:41 “See here,” Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I place ¹³  you in authority over all the land of Egypt.” ¹⁴ 

Kejadian 41:43

41:43 Pharaoh ¹⁵  had him ride in the chariot used by his second-in-command, ¹⁶  and they cried out before him, “Kneel down!” ¹⁷  So he placed him over all the land of Egypt.

Kejadian 42:15

42:15 You will be tested in this way: As surely as Pharaoh lives, ¹⁸  you will not depart from this place unless your youngest brother comes here.

Kejadian 44:18

44:18 Then Judah approached him and said, “My lord, please allow your servant to speak a word with you. ¹⁹  Please do not get angry with your servant, ²⁰  for you are just like Pharaoh. ²¹ 

Kejadian 45:8

45:8 So now, it is not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me an adviser ²²  to Pharaoh, lord over all his household, and ruler over all the land of Egypt.

Kejadian 46:5

46:5 Then Jacob started out ²³  from Beer Sheba, and the sons of Israel carried their father Jacob, their little children, and their wives in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent along to transport him.

Kejadian 47:11

47:11 So Joseph settled his father and his brothers. He gave them territory ²⁴  in the land of Egypt, in the best region of the land, the land of Rameses, ²⁵  just as Pharaoh had commanded.

Kejadian 47:14

47:14 Joseph collected all the money that could be found in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan as payment ²⁶  for the grain they were buying. Then Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh’s palace. ²⁷ 

Kejadian 47:23-24

47:23 Joseph said to the people, “Since I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh, here is seed for you. Cultivate ²⁸  the land. 47:24 When you gather in the crop, ²⁹  give ³⁰  one-fifth of it to Pharaoh, and the rest ³¹  will be yours for seed for the fields and for you to eat, including those in your households and your little children.”

[39:1]  ¹ tn The disjunctive clause resumes the earlier narrative pertaining to Joseph by recapitulating the event described in 37:36. The perfect verbal form is given a past perfect translation to restore the sequence of the narrative for the reader.

[39:1]  ² sn Captain of the guard. See the note on this phrase in Gen 37:36.

[39:1]  ³ tn Heb “from the hand of.”

[40:14]  ⁴ tn Heb “but you have remembered me with you.” The perfect verbal form may be used rhetorically here to emphasize Joseph’s desire to be remembered. He speaks of the action as already being accomplished in order to make it clear that he expects it to be done. The form can be translated as volitional, expressing a plea or a request.

[40:14]  ⁵ tn This perfect verbal form with the prefixed conjunction (and the two that immediately follow) carry the same force as the preceding perfect.

[40:14]  ⁶ tn Heb “deal with me [in] kindness.”

[40:14]  ⁷ tn The verb זָכַר (zakhar) in the Hiphil stem means “to cause to remember, to make mention, to boast.” The implication is that Joseph would be pleased for them to tell his story and give him the credit due him so that Pharaoh would release him. Since Pharaoh had never met Joseph, the simple translation of “cause him to remember me” would mean little.

[40:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “house.” The word “prison” has been substituted in the translation for clarity.

[41:15]  ⁹ tn Heb “dreamed a dream.”

[41:15]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “there is no one interpreting.”

[41:15]  ¹¹ tn Heb “saying.”

[41:15]  ¹² tn Heb “you hear a dream to interpret it,” which may mean, “you only have to hear a dream to be able to interpret it.”

[41:41]  ¹³ tn The translation assumes that the perfect verbal form is descriptive of a present action. Another option is to understand it as rhetorical, in which case Pharaoh describes a still future action as if it had already occurred in order to emphasize its certainty. In this case one could translate “I have placed” or “I will place.” The verb נָתַן (natan) is translated here as “to place in authority [over].”

[41:41]  ¹⁴ sn Joseph became the grand vizier of the land of Egypt. See W. A. Ward, “The Egyptian Office of Joseph,” JSS 5 (1960): 144-50; and R. de Vaux, Ancient Israel, 129-31.

[41:43]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Pharaoh) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[41:43]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and he caused him to ride in the second chariot which was his.”

[41:43]  ¹⁷ tn The verb form appears to be a causative imperative from a verbal root meaning “to kneel.” It is a homonym of the word “bless” (identical in root letters but not related etymologically).

[42:15]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “[By] the life of Pharaoh.”

[42:15]  sn As surely as Pharaoh lives. Joseph uses an oath formula to let the brothers know the certainty of what he said. There is some discussion in the commentaries on swearing by the life of Pharaoh, but since the formulation here reflects the Hebrew practice, it would be hard to connect the ideas exactly to Egyptian practices. Joseph did this to make the point in a way that his Hebrew brothers would understand. See M. R. Lehmann, “Biblical Oaths,” ZAW 81 (1969): 74-92.

[44:18]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “Please my lord, let your servant speak a word into the ears of my lord.”

[44:18]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and let not your anger burn against your servant.”

[44:18]  ²¹ sn You are just like Pharaoh. Judah’s speech begins with the fear and trembling of one who stands condemned. Joseph has as much power as Pharaoh, either to condemn or to pardon. Judah will make his appeal, wording his speech in such a way as to appeal to Joseph’s compassion for the father, whom he mentions no less than fourteen times in the speech.

[45:8]  ²² tn Heb “a father.” The term is used here figuratively of one who gives advice, as a father would to his children.

[46:5]  ²³ tn Heb “arose.”

[47:11]  ²⁴ tn Heb “a possession,” or “a holding.” Joseph gave them a plot of land with rights of ownership in the land of Goshen.

[47:11]  ²⁵ sn The land of Rameses is another designation for the region of Goshen. It is named Rameses because of a city in that region (Exod 1:11; 12:37). The use of this name may represent a modernization of the text for the understanding of the intended readers, substituting a later name for an earlier one. Alternatively, there may have been an earlier Rameses for which the region was named.

[47:14]  ²⁶ tn Or “in exchange.” On the use of the preposition here see BDB 90 s.v. בְּ.

[47:14]  ²⁷ tn Heb “house.”

[47:23]  ²⁸ tn The perfect verbal form with the vav consecutive is equivalent to a command here.

[47:24]  ²⁹ tn The words “the crop” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[47:24]  ³⁰ tn The perfect form with the vav (ו) consecutive is equivalent to an imperfect of instruction here.

[47:24]  ³¹ tn Heb “four parts.”